Bankruptcy Law :: Papers

Bankruptcy Law The federal statute for the form of bankruptcy commonly known as Chapter 13 is cited in legal briefs as 11 USC CHAPTER 13 - ADJUSTMENT OF DEBTS OF AN INDIVIDUAL WITH REGULAR INCOME. Section 1301 this code not only relieves the bankrupt debtor, but it also relieves the codebtor. US Code as of: 01/23/00 Sec. 1301. Stay of action against codebtor (a) Except as provided in subsections (b) and (c) of this section, after the order for relief under this chapter, a creditor may not act, or commence or continue any civil action, to collect all or any part of a consumer debt of the debtor from any individual that is liable on such debt with the debtor, or that secured such debt, unless - (1) such individual became liable on or secured such debt in the ordinary course of such individual's business; or (2) the case is closed, dismissed, or converted to a case under chapter 7 or 11 of this title. (b) A creditor may present a negotiable instrument, and may give notice of dishonor of such an instrument. (c) On request of a party in interest and after notice and a hearing, the court shall grant relief from the stay provided by subsection (a) of this section with respect to a creditor, to the extent that - (1) as between the debtor and the individual protected under subsection (a) of this section, such individual received the consideration for the claim held by such creditor; (2) the plan filed by the debtor proposes not to pay such claim; or (3) such creditor's interest would be irreparably harmed by continuation of such stay. (d) Twenty days after the filing of a request under subsection (c)(2) of this section for relief from the stay provided by subsection (a) of this section, such stay is terminated with respect to the party in interest making such request, unless the debtor or any individual that is liable on such debt with the debtor files and serves upon such party in interest a written objection to the taking of the proposed action.

College Management System Essay

Corepro Soft is a high-end firm started in 2004 as part of diversification plans of the group to migrate into IT to fulfill the global need of IT projects. At the helm of affairs it has strong technical team to develop and manage software’s and creates strong support for large corporations worldwide. We have built a reputation for professional relationships and a long- term career path, in stark contrast to traditional, nomadic consulting work. We develops soft ware’s based on Java, J2EE, J2ME, Oracle, C++, ASP.NET, VB.NET, SQL, PHP, AJAX, MYSQL and Embedded platform to fulfill any technical domain. Several other partners nationwide to serve the needs of companies all over the world. Vision: We are committed to be a truly global organization in providing IT services by Upholding the value system and following ethical business practices. We ensure Customer satisfaction while encouraging team participation by being an employer of Choice. Mission: We are one of the fastest growing, world-class and reputed providers of Information Technology services and solutions. Its mission is to help leading global corporations Create and sustain a competitive advantage. As a true Global Organization, We offer its clients, partners and employees a wealth of cross-cultural expertise and knowledge to ensure a return on investment, sustainable and profitable long-term growth. PURPOSE OF THE SYSTEM EXISTING SYSTEM The system starts with registration of new staff and students. When the subjects are to be allocated to the faculty, the Head of the Department should enter everything in the Excel sheets. Then the staff enters  corresponding subject’s attendance and marks of a student then those must also be entered in the Excel sheets and validations are to be done by the user itself. So there will be a lot of work to be done and must be more conscious during the entrance of details. So, more risk is involved. PROBLEMS IN THE EXISTING SYSTEM: Storing and accessing the data in the form of Excel sheets and account books is a tedious work. It requires a lot of laborious work. It may often yield undesired results. Maintaining these records as piles may turn out to be a costlier task than any other of the colleges and institutions Risks involved in existing system: Present System is time-consuming and also results in lack of getting inefficient results. Some of the risks involved in the present system are: During the entrance of marks and attendance, if any mistake is done at a point, then this becomes cumulative and leads to adverse consequences If there is any need to retrieve results it may seem to be difficult to search. PROPOSED SYSTEM UMS (UNIVERSITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM) makes management to get the most updated information always by avoiding manual accounting process. This system has the following functional divisions. University Administrator College Administrator User (Students / Faculties) University Administrator has the functionality of registering new colleges and courses. College Administrator has the rights of creating department, allocating courses to departments, creating faculties, students and allocating subjects to faculties, and modifications in the data entered by the user can also be done by the college administrator. User of this may be faculty or students. Faculty has the facility of entering the marks and attendance of the students. Students can check their marks and attendance but there is no chance of modifications. Reports must be generated for the existing data i.e. for attendance and marks of the students, which are used  to assess the performance of the students. These reports should be viewed by the in charge and user. INTRODUCTION After analyzing the requirements of the task to be performed, the next step is to analyze the problem and understand its context. The first activity in the phase is studying the existing system and other is to understand the requirements and domain of the new system. Both the activities are equally important, but the first activity serves as a basis of giving the functional specifications and then successful design of the proposed system. Understanding the properties and requirements of a new system is more difficult and requires creative thinking and understanding of existing running system is also difficult, improper understanding of present system can lead diversion from solution. ANALYSIS MODEL The model that is basically being followed is the WATER FALL MODEL, which states that the phases are organized in a linear order. First of all the feasibility study is done. Once that part is over the requirement analysis and project planning begins. The design starts after the requirement analysis is complete and the coding begins after the design is complete. Once the programming is completed, the testing is done. In this model the sequence of activities performed in a software development project are: – Requirement Analysis Project Planning System design Detail design Coding Unit testing System integration & testing Here the linear ordering of these activities is critical. End of the phase and the output of one phase is the input of other phase. The output of each  phase is to be consistent with the overall requirement of the system. Some of the qualities of spiral model are also incorporated like after the people concerned with the project review completion of each of the phase the work done. WATER FALL MODEL was being chosen because all requirements were known beforehand and the objective of our software development is the computerization/automation of an already existing manual working system. Fig 2.2: Water Fall Model FEASIBILITY STUDY Preliminary investigation examine project feasibility, the likelihood the system will be useful to the organization. The main objective of the feasibility study is to test the Technical, Operational and Economical feasibility for adding new modules and debugging old running system. All system is feasible if they are unlimited resources and infinite time. There are aspects in the feasibility study portion of the preliminary investigation: Technical Feasibility Operational Feasibility Economical Feasibility TECHNICAL FEASIBILITY Technical Feasibility centers on the existing computer system hardware, software, etc. and to some extent how it can support the proposed addition. This involves financial considerations to accommodate technical enhancements. Technical support is also a reason for the success of the project. The techniques needed for the system should be available and it must be reasonable to use. Technical Feasibility is mainly concerned with the study of function, performance, and constraints that may affect the ability to achieve the system. By conducting an efficient technical feasibility we need to ensure that the project works to solve the existing problem area. Since the project is designed with ASP.NET with C# as Front end and SQL Server 2000 as Back end, it is easy to install in all the  systems wherever needed. It is more efficient, easy and user-friendly to understand by almost everyone. Huge amount of data can be handled efficiently using SQL Server as back end. Hence this project has g ood technical feasibility OPERATIONAL FEASIBILITY People are inherently instant to change and computers have been known to facilitate change. An estimate should be made to how strong a reaction the user staff is likely to have towards the development of the computerized system. The staff is accustomed to computerized systems. These kinds of systems are becoming more common day by day for evaluation of the software engineers. Hence,this system is operationally feasible. As this system is technically, economically and operationally feasible, this system is judged feasible. ECONOMICAL FEASIBILITY The role of interface design is to reconcile the differences that prevail among the software engineer’s design model, the designed system meet the end user requirement with economical way at minimal cost within the affordable price by encouraging more of proposed system. Economic feasibility is concerned with comparing the development cost with the income/benefit derived from the developed system. In this we need to derive how this project will help the management to take effective decisions. Economic Feasibility is mainly concerned with the cost incurred in the implementation of the software. Since this project is developed using ASP.NET with C# and SQL Server which is more commonly available and even the cost involved in the installation process is not high. Similarly it is easy to recruit persons for operating the software since almost all the people are aware of ASP.NET with C# and SQL Server. Even if we want to train the persons in these area the cost involved in training is also very less. Hence this project has good economic feasibility. The system once developed must be used efficiently. Otherwise there is no  meaning for developing the system. For this a careful study of the existing system and its drawbacks are needed. The user should be able to distinguish the existing one and proposed one, so that one must be able to appreciate the characteristics of the proposed system, the manual one is not highly reliable and also is considerably fast. The proposed system is efficient, reliable and also quickly responding. S/w and H/w requirements 1. Environment: Servers: Operating System Server: – Microsoft Windows 2000 or Higher Data Base Server: Microsoft SQL Server 2000/2005 Clients: Microsoft Internet Explorer, Tools: Microsoft Visual Studio .Net User Interface: ASP.NET with AJAX Code Behind: VC#.NET 2. Requirements: Hardware requirements: Number Description 1 PC with 2 GB hard-disk and 256 MB RAM Software requirements: Number Description 1 Windows 2000/ XP/ or Higher with MS-office 2. MS-SQL server2000/2005 3. Ms-Visual Studio .Net 2005 4. Ms-Internet Explorer INPUT AND OUTPUTS: The major inputs and outputs and major functions of the system are follows: Inputs: University Administrator enter his user id and password for login to authenticate in this system University Administrator creates the college . While registration Colleges can able to provide their information like 1. College id 2. College name 3. Address Information of college 4. Password for the college Administrator can create the various college details in this website. Registered colleges and staff need to submit their log in information for change their password. For searching College details guest need to choose the colleges or search college option for user interface. For searching a college a guest can choose search college option. For upload their deatails a college must login to their profile For display they have to view the reports. Outputs: Administrator can have his own home page. Colleges ans staff and student have their own home page after completion of the authentication process. Admin get all colleges and staff and course details. The registered user’s data can be stored in centralized database through the system user interface. Various types of information can be displayed to the users like colleges, courses and course subjects etc After successful submission of log in information users can got their new password. Profile can be update by the users individually. PROCESS MODEL USED WITH JUSTIFICATION ACCESS CONTROL FOR DATA WHICH REQUIRE USER AUTHENTICAION The following commands specify access control identifiers and they are typically used to authorize and authenticate the user (command codes are shown in parentheses) USER NAME (USER) The user identification is that which is required by the server for access to its file system. This command will normally be the first command transmitted by the user after the control connections are made (some servers may require this). PASSWORD (PASS) This command must be immediately preceded by the user name command, and, for some sites, completes the user’s identification for access control. Since password information is quite sensitive, it is desirable in general to â€Å"mask† it or suppress type out.. System Requirements Specification: The software, Site Explorer is designed for management of web sites from a remote location. Purpose: The main purpose for preparing this document is to give a general insight into the analysis and requirements of the existing system or situation and for determining the operating characteristics of the system. Scope: This Document plays a vital role in the development life cycle (SDLC) and it describes the complete requirement of the system. It is meant for use by the developers and will be the basic during testing phase. Any changes made to the requirements in the future will have to go through formal change approval process. Developers Responsibilities Overview: The developer is responsible for: Developing the system, which meets the SRS and solving all the requirements of the system? Demonstrating the system and installing the system at client’s location after the acceptance testing is successful. Submitting the required user manual describing the system interfaces to work on it and also the documents of the system. Conducting any user training that might be  needed for using the system. Maintaining the system for a period of one year after installation. Output Design: Outputs from computer systems are required primarily to communicate the results of processing to users. They are also used to provides a permanent copy of the results for later consultation. The various types of outputs in general are: External Outputs, whose destination is outside the organization. Internal Outputs whose destination is within organization and they are the User’s main interface with the computer. Operational outputs whose use is purely within the computer department. Interface outputs, which involve the user in communicating directly. Output Definition: The outputs should be defined in terms of the following points: Type of the output Content of the output Format of the output Location of the output Frequency of the output Volume of the output Sequence of the output It is not always desirable to print or display data as it is held on a computer. It should be decided as which form of the output is the most suitable. Output Media: In the next stage it is to be decided that which medium is the most appropriate for the output. The main considerations when deciding about the output media are: The suitability for the device to the particular application. The need for a hard copy. The response time required. The location of the users The software and hardware available. Keeping in view the above description the project is to have outputs mainly  coming under the category of internal outputs. The main outputs desired according to the requirement specification are: The outputs were needed to be generated as a hot copy and as well as queries to be viewed on the screen. Keeping in view these outputs, the format for the output is taken from the outputs, which are currently being obtained after manual processing. The standard printer is to be used as output media for hard copies. Input Design: Input design is a part of overall system design. The main objective during the input design is as given below: To produce a cost-effective method of input. To achieve the highest possible level of accuracy. To ensure that the input is acceptable and understood by the user.

Plastic Definition and Examples in Chemistry

Have you ever wondered about the chemical composition of plastic or how it is made? Heres a look at what plastic is and how it is formed. Plastic Definition and Composition Plastic is any synthetic or semisynthetic organic polymer. In other words, while other elements might be present, plastics always include carbon and hydrogen. While plastics may be made from just about any organic polymer, most industrial plastic is made from petrochemicals. Thermoplastics and thermosetting polymers are the two types of plastic. The name plastic refers to the property of plasticity, the ability to deform without breaking. The polymer used to make a plastic is almost always mixed with additives, including colorants, plasticizers, stabilizers, fillers, and reinforcements. These additives affect the chemical composition, chemical properties, and mechanical properties of a plastic, along with its cost. Thermosets and Thermoplastics Thermosetting polymers, also known as thermosets, solidify into a permanent shape. They are amorphous and are considered to have infinite molecular weight. Thermoplastics, on the other hand, can be heated and remolded over and over again. Some thermoplastics are amorphous, while some have a partially crystalline structure. Thermoplastics typically have a molecular weight between 20,000 to 500,000 amu. Examples of Plastics Plastics are often referred to by the acronyms for their chemical formulas: Polyethylene terephthalate: PET or PETEHigh-density polyethylene: HDPEPolyvinyl chloride: PVCPolypropylene: PPPolystyrene: PSLow-density polyethylene: LDPE Properties of Plastics The properties of plastics depend on the chemical composition of the subunits, the arrangement of these subunits, and the processing method. All plastics are polymers, but not all polymers are plastic. Plastic polymers consist of chains of linked subunits, called monomers. If identical monomers are joined, it forms a homopolymer. Difference monomers link to form copolymers. Homopolymers and copolymers may be either straight chains or branched chains. Here are some other properties: Plastics are usually solids. They may be amorphous solids, crystalline solids, or semicrystalline solids (crystallites).Plastics are usually poor conductors of heat and electricity. Most are insulators with a high dielectric strength.Glassy polymers tend to be stiff (e.g., polystyrene). However, thin sheets of these polymers can be used as films (e.g., polyethylene).Nearly all plastics display elongation when they are stressed that is not recovered after the stress is removed. This is called creep.  Plastics tend to be durable, with a slow rate of degradation. Interesting Plastic Facts Additional facts about plastics: The first completely synthetic plastic was Bakelite, made in 1907 by Leo Baekeland. Baekeland also coined the word plastics.The word plastic comes from the Greek word plastikos, which means that it can be shaped or molded.Approximately a third of the plastic that is produced is used to make packaging. Another third is used for siding and piping.Pure plastics are generally insoluble in water and nontoxic. However, many of the additives in plastics are toxic and may leach into the environment. Examples of toxic additives include phthalates. Nontoxic polymers may also degrade into chemicals when they are heated.

Gardner-Webb University SAT Scores, Acceptance Rate...

Using Scientific Inquiry Methods During Laboratory And...

Targeted Skill: The student will work collaboratively with a team using a modified scientific inquiry process to investigate and document changes in length and mass when gummy bear candies are placed in different liquids for twenty–four hours. Targeted Grade Level: â€Å"Mary† is a fourth grade student who receives special education support in reading. She is at a 1.8 reading level and struggles not only in reading, but also in other core subjects when reading is required. Mary likes science, but often does not participate due to her reading difficulties. Because of her reading difficulties, it is hard for Mary’s science teacher to assess her scientific inquiry skills, a large component of the science subject area. TEKS: (2) Scientific investigation and reasoning. The student uses scientific inquiry methods during laboratory and outdoor investigations. The student is expected to: (A) plan and implement descriptive investigations, including asking well-defined questions, making inferences, and selecting and using appropriate equipment or technology to answer his/her questions; (5) Matter and energy. The student knows that matter has measurable physical properties and those properties determine how matter is classified, changed, and used. The student is expected to: revised August 2014 (A) measure, compare, and contrast physical properties of matter, including size, mass, volume, states (solid, liquid, gas), temperature, magnetism, and the ability to sink or float;Show MoreRelatedThe Effect Of Practical Work On Students Performance9732 Words   |  39 PagesTerms 10 1.12 Chapter Summary 11 CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW 12 2.1 Introduction 12 2.2 Importance of Science 12 2.2.1 Students’ attitude towards Sciences 13 2.3 Importance of Physics 13 2.4 Challenges faced by Physics as a Science Subject 14 2.5 Methods of teaching Physics 17 2.6 Practical Approach in the teaching of Physics 21 2.7 Modern Technologies in Practical Approach in the teaching of Physics 26 CHAPTER THREE: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 29 3.1 Introduction 29 3.2 Research Design 29 3.2 LocationRead MoreCurriculum Development- Let Review9921 Words   |  40 Pagesdepending on the students’ learning styles and the teachers’ instructional style. 4. 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Cinema Paradiso Analytical Paper Free Essays

These also gave him hope in real life. But, movies were more detrimental to Toto. It made him blind to what reality is. We will write a custom essay sample on Cinema Paradiso Analytical Paper or any similar topic only for you Order Now He had less focus on life because of the movies. Movies became blurred between reality and fantasy. One example was when his mother told him his father died. It is expected when a loved one dies, people mourn. However, Toto even smiled when he saw a particular film poster. 2. The rusty anchors by the seashore symbolized Tot’s views on life and love that were greatly influenced by films, and his loyalty and commitment to films. He was severely attached to his love or Elena, being and his village life, even when clearly there were a lot of other opportunities to pursue his passion. Alfred tried to explain that like the deep blue sea beyond there is a bigger world for Toto to explore, a world which will develop his passion and talents fully, and reach his potential. The unwinding yarn that was knitted by Salvatore mom symbolized Tot’s life unwinding itself as he was back where he came from. It hinted that he came back to search himself for unsettled questions. He looked back to his life that was once a dream. Finally, fortunately he got answers and remembered where e came from. The demolition of Cinema Paradise symbolized a new beginning for the townspeople of Canonical, and new advancement in technology which was the television. Let symbolized the destruction of the old way of living of the Canonical community. Because this structure served as the heart of the tofu wherein people gathered and bonded with each other, the demolition symbolized the end of Alfalfa’s life and the increased distance among the townspeople like Tot’s life. But, even though the building was destroyed, the townspeople gathered one last time to mourn, heirs and relive the memories of Cinema Paradise. Their tradition may be lost, but it has opened new opportunities to build a new tradition. 3. Think his act of breaking up Salvatore and Elena was wrong though he was filled with good intentions. He thought this was the right thing to do for Toto to have a good life. With this act, it seemed like he truly cared for Tot’s future, like a father would care for his children. But, he did not give Toto to freely decide for his destiny He forced him to choose only one option. Their relationship was not even hurting anyone. If he purely and truly loved Toto, he would have guided him better, let him learn, grow, decide for himself and with the risk of mistakes. Even though what he did was wrong, somehow viewers can sympathize to Alfalfa’s good intentions and as to why he did this: he lived a life of regret because he did not have the good life he aspired for. Yet, I think he was a possessive selfish father that caused more harm than good to Toto. 4. I think the scene where teary-eyed Salvatore was watching the montage of kissing scenes gave us a look at his relationship with Alfred and Elena. Movies were an essential part of his life. The kissing scenes in movies were censored so it led him to be fascinated and curious. When he finally watched the kissing scenes, it made him wistful, happy, and teary-eyed because he felt Alfalfa’s love for Toto, and his overwhelming praise to Tot’s achievements. Let served as a gift, a prize and a reward to Toto. Also, the scene interpreted the ephemeral passionate and glorious past and unfortunate future with Elena. Elena was his one and only true love. It stirred up his emotions and his passionate memories of youth and love with Elena. How to cite Cinema Paradiso Analytical Paper, Papers

Competitive Advantages of Wal-Mart and Amazon

Question: Describe about the Competitive Advantages of Wal-Mart and Amazon. Answer: Introduction This report is basically discussing about two organizations or companies who are having competitive advantage in their business areas. For the discussion, the companies Wal-Mart and Amazon is taken. Along with this, for the evidence and discussion, the journal articles will be used in this report. In todays changing and growing market, it is very important for the companies to stay competitive in the market. By using proper and effective strategies companies may be able to get competitive advantage over the competitors in the market. Proper business strategies are very helpful to attract the customers in the market. Case 1 The first case of the company who has competitive advantage is Wal-Mart. The case of competitive advantage of Wal-Mart is taken from article Quantifying Wal-Marts Source of Advantage in Strategic Entrepreneurship Journal. According to the journal article, the main competitive advantage of Wal-Mart is that they focus on being industry leader in various areas. Wal-Mart always focuses on employee satisfaction and high employee morale, judging of suppliers to force discount and minimizing the cost and prices by providing best quality in the products. The competitive environment of Wal-Mart is unique. The market is continuously changing and there is competition on pricing, store size, location, technology and innovation, and brand image. So, Wal-Mart offers lower prices, better variety and good quality then competitors (Sols et al, 2016). Case 2 The second case of the company who has competitive advantage is Amazon. The case of competitive advantage of Amazon is taken from the article Sustainable competitive advantage of internet firms in the journal International marketing review. According to the article, Amazon has competitive advantage over the competitors in the area of online marketing. Today online marketing is very popular among the customers. They seek best quality products with lower prices. Amazon has competitive advantage in many terms i.e. brand, diversification, pricing strategy and culture etc (Radulovich, et al, 2005). Description of cases Competitive advantage takes place when a company becomes able to provide the same benefits to the customers better than its competitors in the lower cost. Competitive advantage includes the practices and policies to provide high quality goods and products to sell at the lower prices in the market. Both the companies, Wal-Mart and Amazon are using this policy to gain competitive advantage in the market. Having 3960 stores and more than $209 billion revenue, Wal-Mart has top position in the market. Along with this, it is the continuously profit generating company. With the profit generation, the corporate culture of the company is also good. There are many ways for a company to gain competitive advantage over the competitors. Those ways can be quality, time, flexibility, and employees, differentiation in product or services and price of the products. The way that used by Wal-Mart is to set competitive prices for the customers. The company set low cost of the products compared to the competitors for the customers. The reason of setting low cost is that customers always find out the best quality products with lower prices (He, 2012). In the second case, Amazon is very famous company in online marketing industry. Today, online marketing is on the boom. Customers like to do online shopping because it us very time saving. They get unlimited products on the shopping sites at the affordable prices. Amazon focuses on the customers need and wants. The company identifies the needs of the customers that the customers want quick delivery of products which they order. Amazon has continuously improved the distribution services to please the customers. Amazon has competitive advantage in main four areas i.e. efficient distribution and logistics, strategic achievement, cost management, and economies of scale. In the cost management, company has cut down its prices to attract more and more customers. Evidence of competitive advantage Wal-Mart has achieved competitive advantage in both outside environment and inside environment. Outside environment has demand and competition while inside competition has distribution and inventory management of the company. Wal-Mart provides offers and discounts on the products to the customers. Along with this, Wal-Mart provides best products on the lower prices as compared to the competitors. Wal-Mart has such business system that responds quickly to the customers. In terms of competition, Wal-Mart does not set price of the products. Wal-Mart always has the prices 1% lower than the competitors. That is the reason customers attract more towards the products of Wal-Mart. Apart from this, culture and leadership are also the key factors of competitive advantage of Wal-Mart. Because of the low cost culture of the company, it is able to gain competitive advantage among the customers. This culture makes the company effective in the market. So, the culture and leadership are the most imp ortant factors in maintain the competitive advantage of the Wal-Mart (Gustafson, 2016). According to an article published in the International Business Times, from many years, Amazon is the fast growing internet company among all the companies. The company is gaining competitive advantage because of its diversified and advanced business model. The business model of Amazon is helpful to get competitive advantage compared to other e-commerce site. In starting, the Amazon was founded to sell the books online but once Amazon became leader in book selling, the company rapidly expanded into other retail products such as household items, electronic products and much more. Basically, the fast growing technology is the reason of the competitive advantage of Amazon. There are thousands of products on the Amazon and no any competitor is able compete the prices of Amazon. Customers are able to find out the products which are affordable by them. They can also able to order that product by one click. These factors prove that Amazon has competitive advantage across many retail compani es (Magee, 2011). Analysis and Explanation Wal-Marts strategy Wal-Mart uses low cost leadership strategy and product differentiation strategy for getting competitive advantage in the market. The Sloan of Wal-Mart is Save money, live better. Low-Cost Leadership: According to an article posted on MSNBC, by the cost cutting in the prices of products, Wal-Mart has increased 3.6% in net income. Consumers are ready to shop and spend in Wal-Mart because there are many products of lower costs in Wal-Mart. Along with this, during the recession; Wal-Mart gets advantage because of this strategy (Boone Kurtz, 2013). Differentiation Strategy: Wal-Mart uses product differentiation strategy to create uniqueness in the product or services compared to the competitors. This strategy is used by the Wal-Mart to attract the customers so that they feel special in the provided products. Wal-Mart marks the products in such a way so that it makes feel exclusive to the customers. Wal-Mart has got competitive advantage by offering brands images and warranties to the customers. The customers of Wal-Mart believe that the product they got is unique and exclusive (Brumfitt, 2001). The competitive advantage of Wal-Mart can be analyzed by the Portes five forces: Figure 1: Wal-Mart's Competitive analysis (Source: Brumfitt, 2001) Amazons Strategy Amazon has its presence across the world and it has faced high competition in the market. Because of similarity in the products, scope of business there are many competitors of Amazon in the market. This company also focuses on the cost leadership and differentiation strategy to attract the customers. The company not only provides books abut also many retail products are provided by the Amazon (Turnbull Valla, 2013). The strategies adopted by the Amazon are as follows: The aim of the company is to compete with the competitors in terms of prices of the products and delivery of the products on the time. The objective of the company is to become market leader in the market of e-commerce and physical commerce. Amazon focuses on increasing the profitability by providing the products in lower prices compared to the competitors. Amazon provides variety of products to compete against the competitors through competitive prices, cost leadership and product differentiation strategies (Miller, 2012). Company believes that the demand for online shopping will increase everyday because consumers always find the moist suitable and effective way for shopping. Amazon offers those products that are at a lower price and differentiate the services with the competitors in terms of customer services and delivery of products. Along with this, company has global presence with stable financial performance that enables the company to increase market base of customers (Taleghani, Biabani, Gilaninia, Rahbarinia, Mousavian, 2011). The competitive advantage of Amazon can be seen in the figure: Figure 2: Amazon's Competitive analysis (Source: Brumfitt, 2001) Conclusion This report is basically discussed on the competitive advantages of two companies. For the discussion, two companies named Wal-Mart and Amazon has been taken. For the above discussion, it has been observed that, the competitive environment of Wal-Mart is unique. Wal-Mart has top position in the market. The company set low cost of the products compared to the competitors for the customers. Wal-Mart provides offers and discounts on the products to the customers. Along with this, Wal-Mart provides best products on the lower prices as compared to the competitors. In case of Amazon, it has been observed that The Company is gaining competitive advantage because of its diversified and advanced business model. The business model of Amazon is helpful to get competitive advantage compared to other e-commerce site. There are thousands of products on the Amazon and no any competitor is able compete the prices of Amazon. Because of low-cot strategy and product differentiation strategy, both the c ompanies are successful in getting competitive advantage in their areas. References Boone, L., Kurtz, D. (2013),Contemporary marketing. 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